Hydropower is a controllable (or transferable) renewable resource; This is partly due to resource control based on the storage capacity of the complex and the greater forecast of its production compared to wind and solar energy; However, hydropower varies over the long run because it depends on rainfall and depletion of water resources; At the regional level, climate change may affect the potential for electricity generation (even if there is no clear pattern to detect it worldwide), but at the same time their role in reservoir water management can be Help reduce the negative effects in terms of access to water.

In general, hydropower plants have high potential in Europe to shift economic resources to a de-carbon economy (because they play an important role in balancing the generation network and reducing the negative effects of variable RES generation) and reducing the negative effects of change. Climate (by water storage and supply) is considered necessary; However, lengthy legal proceedings, public opposition and unfavorable market conditions (eg low electricity prices, unbalanced distribution), environmental issues affecting the upstream and downstream dams and reservoirs, barriers to fish migration, loss of diversity, the biology and morphological changes of rivers are also worrying. The hydropower industry has made significant efforts to reduce the negative impact on the environment around hydropower plants, and significant progress has been made in recent years; Although significant progress has been made in addressing these issues, there is still a low level of public awareness of these achievements.

Over the past decades, hydropower equipment has been optimized for high performance, availability, and flexibility; By considering hydroelectric infrastructure, creative measures have been taken to reduce environmental impact; In addition, significant advances have been made possible by computer technology in many areas, including design, construction, monitoring, detection, protection, and control. Investing in research and development (R&D) is essential to achieving technological advances and meeting market competition; In addition, to manage the environmental and socio-economic aspects at the regional level, it is necessary to establish a link between industry, research, and development, and policy institutions.